Horizon is an annual cultural fest for Pramukhswami Medical College (PSMC) students. There is a theme identified every year for Horizon. This year theme was ADOLESCENCE: SHAPINGTHE YOUTH. This year institution has conducted two half days workshop under the guidance of department of Community Medicine, PSMC & Indian Association for Adolescent Health (IAAH). Workshop was planned on basis of National Consultation on Adolescent Health at PSMC in March 2016. Students were trained and supported by Community Medicine department.Dr Uday Shankar Singh orientated students towards adolescent health issues in community.

Background: Various studies on the prevalence and the factors associated with depression among the adolescents have indicated that the individuals known to suffer from depression in any form have increased suicidal tendencies and are also associated with poor academic performance. In this article, a review of literature has been done to provide evidence regarding the magnitude and factors of depression among school-going adolescents. Methods: The review of literature was done using various sites online such as PubMed and Google Scholar, and various papers from different journals have been searched to find the relevant articles that provide information on magnitude of depression and its associated factors. Various scales such as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Beck’s Depression Inventory-21 (BDI-21) were used to measure depression and identify its contributing factors including the sociodemographic factors. Results: Depression has been found to range between 18 and 50% among various study populations. The prevalence was high among those study groups who were having both parents working, poor relationship with family members and poor academic performance. Conclusion: A large proportion of the adolescent population who suffers from depression goes unrecognized either due to poor understanding of the various factors associated with it or due to less efficient screening and treatment opportunities. Therefore, a clear understanding of the various factors is must to identify depression in its earlier course and suitable treatment options to be provided along with the follow-up care.

Introduction: Adolescence is a time to develop knowledge and skills, learn to manage emotions and acquire attributes and abilities that will be important for enjoying the adolescent years and assuming adult roles. Society has seen an increase in the incidents of aggression/violence among youth and adolescents. Boys are found to be more aggressive than girls. Methods: Review of literature was done with the help of search engines like Pub Med and Google Scholar which were searched for relevant articles published in the last 10 years. Results: Among the studies, which met the inclusion criteria, eight were conducted in India and one in other countries. The level of aggression was found to be high among adolescents. It ranged from 17.7% overall to 66.5% for physical aggression. Boys were found to be more physically aggressive while girls were more verbally aggressive. Conclusions: The studies show that there is high prevalence of aggression among adolescents and boys are more aggressive than girls. However, girls show high indirect aggression at high-year level.

Introduction: Adolescents are in a transition stage of physical, psychological and social development from puberty to legal adulthood that needs to be focused on priority basis. Aims and Objectives: To assess the health profile of school-going adolescents in a rural area of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted during an adolescent health camp organized in a village school of Jattari area in Uttar Pradesh in 2014. A pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-based questionnaire was used as a study tool. A detailed clinical examination was done with special attention on those systems which were affected most like weight, height, body mass index (BMI), etc. Results: A total of 60 adolescents aged 14 to19 years participated in the present study. Majority (86.67%) of the study participants were girls and maximum (65%) study subjects were of 16–17 years age group. Family history of diabetes was present in 10% of study participants and family history of hypertension was present in 8.33% of study population. Most (45%) of the study participants were underweight, in which girls were more undernourished as compared to boys. Regarding visual status, 16.66% students needed some correction in which boys needed more corrective measures than girls. Dental hygiene was poor in 80% of study participants. About 13.46% girls were having abnormal menstrual history and 9.61% girls were having poor menstrual hygiene.

Introduction: Adolescents are in a transition stage of physical, psychological and social development from puberty to legal adulthood that needs to be focused on priority basis. Aims and Objectives: To assess the health profile of school-going adolescents in a rural area of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted during an adolescent health camp organized in a village school of Jattari area in Uttar Pradesh in 2014. A pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-based questionnaire was used as a study tool. A detailed clinical examination was done with special attention on those systems which were affected most like weight, height, body mass index (BMI), etc. Results: A total of 60 adolescents aged 14 to19 years participated in the present study. Majority (86.67%) of the study participants were girls and maximum (65%) study subjects were of 16–17 years age group. Family history of diabetes was present in 10% of study participants and family history of hypertension was present in 8.33% of study population. Most (45%) of the study participants were underweight, in which girls were more undernourished as compared to boys. Regarding visual status, 16.66% students needed some correction in which boys needed more corrective measures than girls. Dental hygiene was poor in 80% of study participants. About 13.46% girls were having abnormal menstrual history and 9.61% girls were having poor menstrual hygiene.

Introduction: Start of menstruation among adolescent girls is a major concern, which leads to stress and physical conditions. Objectives: To find menstruation-related problems among the school-going adolescent girls and to assess their health-seeking behavior in relation to these problems. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2013 to December 2013 in a government higher secondary school of Pooth Khurd village in North West Delhi, near rural residential health training center of Maulana Azad Medical College. All adolescent girls who gave consent (196 girls) from class 7 to 10 of the selected government higher secondary school were included in the study. A predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used. One of the investigators explained the questions to the respondents. The data was entered in MS-Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Chi-square test and Fischer’s exact test have been used for comparison between proportions. “P” value less than 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 15.31 (±1.35) years, with a range from 13 to 19 years. The mean age of menarche was 13.24 years, minimum reported age of onset of menarche was 10 years and maximum was 16 years. Out of 196 girls, 191 (97.4%) girls have attained menarche, while 57 (29.8%) girls complained of menstrual cycle-related problems, either in the form of irregular menstruation (47) or a current missing period in 10 girls. The school girls also experience a lot of somatic complaints during or just a day prior to onset of menstruation. It was found that a great number (21) of girls expressed their inability to perform simple daily activities owing to painful menstruation along with attending school and playing outdoor games.

Migrant adolescent girls in India’s fast-growing urban-slum population face multiple intersecting vulnerabilities, including gender, poverty and migrant-status. The study aims to understand the opportunities and challenges for migrant adolescent girls in low-income urban slum settings. Qualitative data were collected through interviews with girls aged 12-19 who migrated during the past two years and non-migrant adolescent girls for comparison to explore their experiences in fast-growing Indore. A groupinterview with slum women’s group members discussed ways to address challenges. Push/pull factors linked with different employment/educational opportunities between rural and urban areas motivated families of unmarried girls to migrate. Recently married girls joined city-based families or accompanied husbands who were labor migrants. Neither married nor unmarried girls played decision-making roles in migration. Married migrant adolescent girls faced challenges in accessing education, employment, social opportunities and services owing to restrictions on freedom of movement, weak social networks, and little awareness of opportunities and services. Childbearing migrant girls faced particular risks. Contact with their natal families being limited, the quality of relationship with husbands and marital families was crucial for married girls’ well-being.

Introduction: Almost 56% of adolescent girls and 30% of adolescent boys are anemic in India. Government of India has launched the Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) Program to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among adolescent boys and girls. Objective of this study is to find out the difference in the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls consuming IFA through WIFS and not consuming IFA. Materials and Methods: This was a school-based cross-sectional study conducted at G.V.H.S.S, Meppayur, Kozhicode. Study subjects were 130 students of age group 11– 16 years. Students were interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire. Anthropometry was done and blood samples were collected with the help of lab technician and staff nurse of the nearby PHC. Blood samples were collected in pipettes and the measured volume was transferred to Wattman filter paper 41. The paper was dried and transported to the biochemistry laboratory of Dr SMCSI Medical College, Karakonam, Thiruvananthapuram, to estimate the hemoglobin concentration. Results: Overall prevalence of anemia in our study is 75.57%. Total 75.5% students consuming IFA were found to be anemic in this study and 75.51% not consuming IFA were anemic. 54.54% of girls who consumed IFA for 6 months to 1 year were anemic, 82.85% of the girls who consumed IFA for 1–3 months were anemic. Multivariate logistic regression model suggests that irregularity of IFA intake, duration of menstrual bleed (>4 days) and intake of red meat were important determinants of anemia. Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia was high (75.57%) in our study. Study proved that regular intake of IFA tablets for a longer duration could prevent anemia. The program should be strengthened through schools, colleges and even at community level. Health education should be given to the target population about the importance of IFA intake over a longer duration.

In the modern times, different mass media channels exhort women to use varied beauty, hygiene and health-related products in order to look beautiful. This trend is witnessed in both men and women. But it has been established that young girls and women are the largest users of various beauty and hygiene related products globally. Like elsewhere, India has been witnessing commodification of women bodies. Approximately 111 million adolescent Indian girls are using these products.1 The possible reasons for this could be increase in disposable income, changing lifestyles and information explosion through various mass media channels. More show business, more parties and organization of more events has resulted in a rat race among people to look beautiful and presentable at all times. This trend is further augmented by the urge of most people to capture their images on cameras to be posted on social networking sites.